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    December 22

    2008 in Review: the Wenchuan Earthquake

    No one could have anticipated that a natural disaster as destructive as the Wenchuan Earthquake would hit China in 2008 and steal its colossal coming-out party. And when it did, no one could have foreseen how the catastrophe would bring China much closer together, either. Backtalk about the Party’s vision of a harmonious society became an untimely sin: the society indeed became harmonious. Disputes were dismissed, grievances were settled, malice faded and suspicions withdrawn. People, rich or poor, donated in their own ways with the greatest kindness to those in danger and despair.

     

    More than a half year later today, that spirit has lived on in various directions as Sichuan reconstructs. Middle class volunteers continue to offer on-site assistance through NGOs, while the country’s top socialites have drawn ambitious blueprints for the quake zones. According to one of them, by the China Siyuan Foundation for Poverty Alleviation earlier this month, Beichuan, a severest-hit mountainous region, is set to become a valley of roses that will eventually make China the largest exporter of the flower.

     

    But forget the fancy charity auctions that feature the most exclusive club of Chinese with the finest tuxedoes and dresses, the most charming accents, top-notch wine on one hand and checks full of money on the other. Forget the average Joe and Jane kind enough to squeeze a share of their hard-earned wages for children in the quake-affected areas, or the socially conscious metropolitan reporter trying to help out with their unique resources. More than seven months following the earthquake, another dynamic to the scene is fast deepening. Those living on the very bottom line, too, have given and still are willing to give all they can to help their brothers and sisters in Sichuan overcome the tragedy.

     

    Yan Dong, 45, is one of them. The ill-health retiree has donated 1,000 yuan (US$146), or two months’ worth of his pension (the source of his son’s college fund), to the reconstruction of Beichuan and Yingxiu, the de facto epicenters of the quake. Yan has spent plenty more on quake-themed books, magazines and newspapers, which he reads each day as night falls and frost formed outside his impoverished Herui village in Dafeng county of Jiangsu province.

     

    But that’s not all of his contribution. With “grassroots journalism” – common folk’s indigenous, and often more timely, reports of news events online – flourishing after the earthquake, Yan set out on his very own Quixotic long march throughout almost every quake-hit city and township in Sichuan province, determined to record with pens and lenses what professional reporters had not been able to write with their time and space constraints. 

     

    “The idea just hit me. Compared with (professional reporters), my angle would surely be different. I wanted to go to places they had been to and places they hadn’t,” Yan told China Daily.

     

    “There were quite a few areas where reporters would not necessarily go,” he said. “I had to go.”

     

    And he did. In 41 days between late May and early July, Yan trekked alone – virtually penniless – for more than 10,000 km in Sichuan, on foot or hitching rides, interviewing nearly 1,000 villagers in close to a hundred townships and villages.

     

    Yan is compiling the results of his odyssey, three journals and 21 films, which he sees as the most genuine grassroots Sichuan society’s collective memory of the earthquake.

     

    “I mostly slept on my rain cape by roadside while in Sichuan,” he recalled. Then Yan wore a short-sleeved shirt, a thin pair of pants and slippers to ease walking pain. He carried two obsolete cameras bought in the mid-1980s, and filled his shabby backpacks with 80 buns, a bag of pickles, antibiotic tablets, a cup, journals, pens, films, flash and a will, where he outlined the password to his savings account, and noted that “there are two deposit receipts under my bedplate; the money is from my father for his grandson’s education”.

     

    “It’s very rare that you see somebody in his economic situation rising to the occasion, trying to record a news event like this in a true grassroots fashion,” said Shen Yong, a reporter with the county newspaper Dafeng Today. “People today too often take technology and urban middle-class life for granted when they talk about ‘grassroots journalism’ and ‘web 2.0’, forgetting that even the most socially vulnerable would develop the willingness to spontaneously record and disseminate their angle of news.”

     

    “Yan turned that willingness into action, and achieved what most professional reporters did not in the frontline. This helps redefine the true meaning of grassroots journalism today, with people like him at society’s bottom line striving to narrow the ever-growing ‘digital gap’ between town and country,” added renowned web scholar Xiao Wu.

     

    “He has taken a truly admirable first step. Too many of us don’t even have the slightest clue as to how difficult that first step was,” Xiao said.

     

    Five years into retirement and divorce, Yan, an Inner Mongolian native, could no longer afford to rent in Dafeng. So with a township hukou (and hence no right to any farmland), he risked legal action by purchasing an outdated farmhouse about 8 km away from the county. Two 20-year-old bikes are his s0le means of transport.

     

    Yan’s only electric devices at home include a television, a microwave, a rice cooker, a fan, two lamps, a clock and a heating blanket. He bought his first mobile phone only last month, and is still unacquainted with dialing on it. In order to save for his son’s education, the former police buys moon cakes that are two months overdue for his hypoglycemia.

     

    And yet, Yan was never reluctant to sell what he had after the earthquake, when he collected 2,500 yuan (US$365) for the quake trip, leaving only 12.93 yuan behind in his bank account.

     

    The Saddhu’s path was highlighted by four subsequent attempts to enter Wenchuan county, the quake’s epicenter, from the eastern route of Beichuan, the southeastern Mianyang, the southern Yingxiu, and finally through the northeastern Maoxian.

     

    “I realized that I’m not a professional reporter but a retiree with no license other than an ID. But there is some value to all this: it’s important to show that even people like myself, and perhaps especially people like myself care about the quake victims.”

     

    “There’re so many things I can relate to them. I felt there was a natural bond,” Yan said, staring at the vast emptiness and sheer coldness in his house. “It’s freezing in Sichuan now. How do you think the people there are going to make it through this winter?”

    December 19

    猪坚强:2008年度感动中国十大动物之首

    First it miraculously survived the earthquake after 36 days under the debris. Then it was given a human name, adopted by China’s largest private museum and received a decade’s worth of insurance.

     

    Now, the all-famous “Strong Pig”, living happily ever since having survived the May catastrophe, is back in the spotlight by topping all other candidates in the online voting of “Ten Animals that Moved China in 2008”.

     

    Zhu Jianqiang, which literally means “strong pig”, has received unanimous support from online voters at the popular Red Net forum.

     

    According to the forum’s webmasters, the two-year-old pig “vividly illustrated the spirit of never giving up, and has hence become a banner for Chinese entrepreneurs during this harsh economic winter”.

     

    It marked the second straight year pigs won the award. In 2007, a sow that went furious and injured a butcher to save its “husband” from being slaughtered became netizens’ favorite animal of the year.

     

    For its part, “Strong Pig” survived for 36 days under the debris of a house that collapsed in the earthquake, without a clear source of food and water. By the time soldiers found it in Pengzhou of Sichuan province on June 17, its weight had dropped from around 150 kg to a mere 50 kg.

     

    Then its fortune began to change. The pig’s owner sold it to Jianchuan Museum curator Fan Jianchuan for 3,008 yuan ($438). Fan gave the pig its now widely popular name, and promised to keep it as long as it lives.

     

    The pig gained an instant rock star popularity among netizens and the real world, so much so that just as Fan’s staff fed “Strong Pig” vegetable porridge to make it recover, it was given a 10-year-premium-free insurance by a local firm. Everyday people sworn into the museum to catch a glimpse of the hero.

     

    As the year draws to a close, the Jianchuan museum’s staff are worried about Strong Pig’s diet and temper control. Huang Yi, who is one of them, told China Daily that the pig is well back into its 150 kg form, and can be quite a meanie.

     

    “It’s gotten fatter and lazier by the day,” she complained. “We used to take it out for a walk every morning and afternoon, but now it’s too lazy – and too fat – to do it. So we’re feeding it only twice a day.”

     

    “Strong Pig” has its own yard. Some days when the weather is good, and when there are many visitors, it would come out to its reception room for an hour or two. But it has developed a temper its fans may not want to see.

     

    “In the first few months after it got here, ‘Strong Pig’ would still raise its head when reporters and visitors came took photos. Now, it just blocks the door to its bedroom when there are too many visitors outside. It’s been increasingly difficult for us to convince it to open the door,” Huang said.

    万里奉王事,一身无所求:2008年度最草根记者的震区长征

    今年春夏之交,西藏打砸抢烧暴力事件和北京奥运火炬境外传递的艰难历程方才结束,一场特大地震不期而至,席卷了华夏九州。面对着大自然的严峻挑战和国内外各种逆流的疯狂表演,中华民族再次到了最危险的时刻。然而,我们没有屈服,没有放弃。地震发生后,通过媒体,尤其是网络媒体的迅速反应,全国人民在第一时间就得到了关于搜救现场、救援部队、医疗人员和受灾群众的抗震救灾前线全景动态。而近年来逐渐兴起的“草根记者”更是表现活跃。在大灾面前,这些未经专业新闻训练的基层民众以空前的热情与速度,用手机短信、网络视频等多种新技术手段,将最新灾情和震区故事传遍全球各地。时至今日,传播学者纷纷表示,“草根记者”在抗震救灾斗争时的全面兴起,使我国传媒界的发展进入了一个崭新的,全面以人为本的阶段。

     

    严格意义上的“草根记者”,是指以独立身份赴新闻现场采访,并在互联网上发布报道的基层民众。日渐普及的新兴传播技术,是他们参与新闻传播的唯一途径。“草根记者”虽称“草根”,但仍多属城市中产阶级,年轻无畏,精力充沛。

     

    然而在二十一世纪的今日中国,深陷“数字鸿沟”的底层民众仍为数众多。在他们中,也同样有着追求新闻事实,渴望记录历史的一群人。这些劳苦大众或年岁已长,不懂得如何上网;或财力有限,买不起数码相机、个人电脑和录音笔。这往往使他们的最大优势 时间及与社会底层生活的无限接近性 直接转为最大劣势。用潦草笔迹写下的新闻报道和以破旧相机拍摄的现场照片,一旦无法通过网络发布,则将不可避免地沉淀为不为人知的历史记录。

     

    但即便从“草根记者”沦为“草根史官”,也不能阻止这些新闻苦行僧们毫无保留的付出和自觉自愿的坚持。让他们继续付出和坚持下去的动力只有两个:对这片土地的热爱,和对新闻事实的追求。

     

    闫东的故事,就是他们所有人的故事。

     

    这是一名再纯粹不过的草根记者。他一贫如洗,却一往无前。大地震后,闫东独自赶赴四川,以惊人的勇气和毅力,日吃千家饭,夜宿山路旁,在四十一天内辗转过万公里,行程遍及几乎所有灾区。他走访了近百个村镇的上千名村民,并用三大本笔记和二十一个胶卷构筑了对这场特大灾害的底层集体记忆

     

    而他不过是一名普通的四十五岁苏北病退职工,因为没钱在城市里租房,只能冒险购买毫无法律保障的农村住房。他住在江苏省盐城市大丰市大中镇和瑞村二组,田无一垄,地无一分,月退休金不足六百元,供儿子在南京读书。家里的全部电器只有一台电视、一个微波炉、一个电热煲、一部电扇、两架电灯、一座小钟和一副电热毯。在这里,每天通自来水的时间只有两个小时(冬十至十二点,夏五至七点),入冬时节,向无暖气,唯有“干靠”。

     

    在艰苦的条件下,闫东常年省吃俭用。为省钱治疗自己的低血糖,他总是等到中秋过后的两个月左右,才去市场买过期月饼吃,“用来大量补充糖分”;为了纪念,他把过世祖母穿过的羊毛坎肩缝了件外套,自己一穿就是二十年,“现在还觉着它比啥都暖和”;为了供孩子读书,他清贫度日,直到上个月才狠下心来,花了一百六十元,买了人生中第一部手机。此前,他和家人从来只写信联系。外人纷纷表示不可理解,都说他“把手机太不当回事了”,而他却认为外面的世界“把手机太当回事了,好像没有手机,就没你这号人似的”。

     

    这名生长于松嫩平原上的东北汉子本就不善言辞,又苦于语言障碍,很少与口音浓重的农村邻居们交往。自数年前连续遭遇离异、病退、儿子外出上学等变故之后,他独居已久,很少出门,又不安电话,与外界几乎断绝联系。县城离他家十五里路。对闫东来讲,只有骑上那两辆购于八十年代中后期、“除了铃不响哪都响”的二八自行车,耗上大半天的工夫,才能到大丰市里转一圈。但进城又是为什么呢?他与当代中国都市生活的距离,比这十五里路要远多了。

     

    然而,为了能走遍汶川地震现场“以自己的视角记录灾区情况”,常年节俭的闫东变卖了大部分家当,只留下了用一千三百元买来却不舍得看的电视机,和五百元买的微波炉,因为“买主想六百五把俩都包了”。他最终在两周内凑齐了两千五百块钱。在取出这些钱后的五月二十四日,他的农业合作银行账户里只剩下了十二块九毛三分。

     

    “当时就是一个想法,突发奇想。我想我必须得去,得赶紧去,”他回忆说。他的想法很简单 走旁人所未走的路,收集与一线记者不同的灾区资料。和从各地赶赴震中的记者相比,闫东认为:“我们的角度不一样,用意也不一样。而且他们去过的地方,我要去;他们没去过的地方,我也要去……有不少地方,记者不一定去。”

     

    五月二十六日凌晨,他穿着一件半截袖、一条单裤,背起两个牛仔挎包,里面包了一件黑色大雨披、十几个笔记本、一大把圆珠笔、一只不锈钢水杯、两架二十多年没怎么用的老式相机(一个是虎丘牌,一个是华夏牌)、二十一个胶卷、一封言语朴实的遗书、一瓶消炎片和一包咸萝卜干,从村里出发了。他先到了盐城,在那里修了相机、买了闪光灯,又备了八十个馒头。把所有“弹药” 补足后,他这才揣起余下的不到一千元现金,搭上了去江油的火车。

     

    选择江油为第一目的地的理由很简单:这里是距震中汶川县东线的最近站点,两地之间只隔了一个北川县。由此,闫东开始了他的征程。他先是跟着一辆小货车到了媒体罕至的金鼓村、大竹村了解灾情,后又独自沿着公路向北川方向前进,不久来到双堰村。在得知陈家坝乡即将因防备唐家山堰塞湖泄洪而戒严时,他很是焦急,因为那是通往北川的必由之路。这时,一名好心人向他透露了一条当地人才知道的便道。闫东沿着指点,顺利地进入陈家坝街上,走访了一片废墟中的灾区群众。

     

    然而不久,闫东在从陈家坝继续西行的途中,被一位村干部拦住去路。他意识到,自己毕竟不是记者,只是一名江苏大丰市的病退职工,没有记者证,没有介绍信,有的只是一张身份证。草根记者的征途,要比职业记者艰苦得多。

     

    闫东被赶回了双堰村。但他并不死心,住到半夜,便再次上路。他一生都生活在平原,夜路虽未少走,山路却难适应。为了避开哨卡,他在黑夜里摸索着趟过了两条雪水化成的小河,凭着声音和感觉闪躲着山边不断滚下的飞石,攀过一片片废墟,爬下一段段悬崖。在数次死里逃生之后,他终于跨过陈家坝,走访了西河村,并继续前进。第二天傍晚,正在路边休息的闫东被路过的部队战士发现。战士们把他带到了北川县临时办公地点黄家坝村。在这里,他度过了一个难忘的六一。

     

    北川副县长雷建新在了解闫东的情况后,向他介绍说堰塞湖上游已开始放水,最好就此止步。次日清晨,雷副县长让一名年轻的警察送他回了陈家坝。在路上,警察翻看起他的笔记,不久就哭了起来。原来,他读到的是闫东摘抄一名小女孩的日记片断:“爸爸,妈妈死了,我永远忘不了我的家乡 北川。”

     

    这名警察自己也有不少亲人在地震中遇难。他对闫东说:“回去吧,我相信你是个好人。你不可能冒生命危险到这儿来做坏事。再说,北川城早就戒严了,没挖掘出来的尸体也早腐烂了,很容易让人感染致命的病菌。而且城里空无一人,几百条流浪狗在街头乱窜,饿得眼珠都绿了,你要是一个人贸然去了,不得病也可能被狗吃掉。”

     

    警察的话让闫东深受感动。但他不想就此退缩,于是在天黑之后,又悄悄穿过了黄家坝村的哨卡,一路急行军,到六月三日的凌晨三多点钟,终于摸到一座高大建筑物的废墟前。他筋疲力尽,倚墙靠坐在台阶上,很快就进入了梦乡。

     

    关于当晚的境况,闫东在笔记中写道:“6.2傍晚,我在云里村下行路,挑没人的房前休息。听得对面山上石头不断滑落和大面积石头即将滚落的声音,就不敢抬头看。有一次偶然发现对面山崖上赫然出现三只羊。那三只羊在直上直下的崖上,我都给它们捏着一把汗,可它们自己却都悠然变换着位置和地方。开矿的主人叫岩堆压在山脚下死了,尸体无法弄开,羊就更没人来管了。水位没升时,羊还能过河;堰塞湖形成后,河水流不出去,越涨越高,满满的……羊蹬下的石头从几百米的悬崖掉下去,一路呼啸,带着撞击声,砸进水中,响起巨大的回声。渐渐地,那羊在崖上爬向远方,成了白点。还在崖上发现了黑色的东西,是猪?是狗?还是黑牛?还是黑色的野猪?”

     

    一切悬疑都在梦中逝去。天亮后,闫东抬头一看楼顶的广告牌,才明白了自己的所在 北川大酒店。北川已经到了,下一步就是汶川。但进入任家坪村后,驻守当地的战士告诉他,由此经茂县进汶川的路已被山体填平,无路可走,如贸然进入,一旦迷路,必死无疑。

     

    从江油段进入汶川的努力失败了。闫东决定绕绵阳方向再闯汶川。于是,他搭上一辆前往擂鼓镇的军车,辗转向安县进发。车上官兵被他的精神所感动,纷纷递来牛奶、火腿肠和面包。这让他激动得热泪盈眶。在此后的几天,他或搭车,或步行,走访了花荄镇、界牌镇、安昌镇等沿途乡镇,还近距离见到了赴安县中学慰问救援部队的中央军委副主席徐才厚上将。然而六月七日晚,在听说绵阳已然封路,正在组织居民转移后,闫东临时改变行程,搭车前往绵竹,并走访了武都镇马尾乡。次日,他赶到汉旺镇。这里到汶川虽只有几十公里路,但其间的青平、天池两乡灾情严重,原有的山谷、公路已无踪迹,完全无法行走。闫东顿悟了诗仙“蜀道之难,难于上青天”的感慨,决定绕道南线的映秀镇,三闯汶川。

     

    回绵竹、赴德阳、进什邡、跨洛水,闫东早吃光了所有的馒头,脚上也长满了泡,只能穿着拖鞋。其时距地震已有月余,为防止出现疫情,灾区内军民几乎都是从头到脚全副武装,他却靠着这身半截袖、破单裤和踏踏板的行头,穿梭于震中各地,徒步沿公路,经广汉、彭州,行至都江堰,在短暂的走访后,即搭车前往映秀。但遗憾的是,都汶路施工之难、之险,超出所有人的意料之外。映秀“老虎嘴”处的堰塞体,又大大限制了抢修部队的进度。从映秀进入汶川也是不可能的了。闫东思来想去,决定一反常规,从北线的茂县进入汶川,再自西线的交通动脉理县出城。


    在回忆此时的心理状态时,闫东说:“我当时是想了决心的,一鼓作气,就是不回去。从北川闯过来以后,我就无所谓了。”

     

    再坚持一下”的勇气让这位体弱多病的汉子从都江堰到了彭州,到了濛阳镇,到了绵阳市,到了青义镇,到了江油市,到了平武县,到了水晶镇,到了海拔五千多米的黄龙雪山,到了川主寺,到了松潘县,到了茂县,终于在六月二十三日抵达此次特大地震的震中汶川县城。

     

    闫东的足迹并未就此终止。在结束汶川的采访后,他迅速转薛城镇、经理县、马尔康、卓克基,翻梦笔山,过西河乡、小金县、丹巴、康定、泸定,越二郎山,入天全、芦山、宝兴、雅安,进成都,赴青川、剑阁,最终在广元市结束了这次特殊的灾区走访活动,于七月五日乘火车返回江苏盐城。

     

    一个月没有刷牙、洗澡的闫东回到家里时,头发蓬乱、胡须浓密,“把一生的苦都吃尽了,不知有多少次死里逃生”。回家第三天,他就病倒了,“彻底就趴下了”。这一趴就是一个月。

     

    八月十三日,闫东病刚好,就急急忙忙地给四川省教育厅写了一封感情浓烈的信,又去银行取了一千元钱附上,一并寄了过去,希望能够支援北川和映秀的重建。他用几乎所有剩余的钱,买遍了各种各类关于汶川地震的书、报,日夜阅读。虽然个人处境仍然艰难,闫东说他已经“特别满足了”。转眼寒冬已至,身居家徒四壁的土房,冷对穿堂刺骨的冬风,他满脑子想着的仍是受灾群众:“特别是今年冬天,你说说他们怎么过?四川的供暖,你说它怎么供?哪怕是棉帐篷,能有多厚啊?没用啊!照样透风啊!”

     

    而他自己,还只是一身寒衣。

     

    可好人毕竟好报。闫东在去大丰市洗照片时,碰巧遇上了一名市原计经委退休职工、当地摄影家协会成员。这位叫殷业鸿的老人家很惊讶于他的故事,便致信《今日大丰》报社编辑部,希望其对闫东进行宣传报道。不久,该报记者杨永森、综合二部主任沈勇先后来到他家了解情况。十一月二十四日,《今日大丰》报整版刊出了闫东的事迹。

     

    在宣传面前,闫东依旧选择了自省。他在一封信里这样总结自己的灾区历程:“历时近一个半月的汶川之行,所见所闻是尸体、废墟、悲痛、眼泪,更多的是中国老祖宗传下来的那种坚强、不屈、互助、博爱。去四川我是受教育去了,它或多或少地消掉了一些(我)身上固有的冷漠、旁观、自私、狭隘。”

     

    直到今天,闫东的家人和邻居们还对他的灾区长征史毫不知情,因为闫东并不喜欢多说话,也从不怎么出门。在他们的印象中,他只是病了几个月而已。

     

    闫东的心肠和他手机的彩铃一样:“月亮代表我的心”。他是古人“万里奉王事,一身无所求”精神最执着的践行者。相比之下,我们这些曾赴震区的记者只能想起一句名言:群众是真正的英雄,而我们自己往往是幼稚可笑的。

     

    长久以来,我们的主流媒体惯于用悲天悯人的方式,居高临下、走马看花地向广大的弱势群体“施舍”所谓的关怀,认为这就已足够。“授人以鱼”成为了不少“社会良心”对待基层群众的处事原则。其结果是,在唱响草根记者的新时代赞歌时,我们往往过于忽视了所谓“草根新闻”对新传播技术普及程度的严格要求,和依旧存在于新技术领域的阶层壁垒。主流媒体从业者自觉不自觉地把草根记者的范围局限于城市中产阶级,而忘却了失语至今的底层民众。

     

    但毋庸置疑的是,在新传播技术一日千里的今天,社会底层的人民一样会自发自觉地产生以弱势群体的独特视角记录新闻事件的愿望。他们一样希望自己的文字、观点和声音能够传播开来,成为具有自主性的正宗草根新闻。自然地,由于各方面的客观局限,能够把这种愿望变成事实的真正草根记者寥寥无几。闫东是他们中试图率先发声的最真诚的人。在这场震惊世界的特大自然灾害发生后,他以最原始的条件和最简陋的设备,完成了多少职业记者所不能完成的灾区长征,记录和整理了一系列原汁原味的草根新闻素材。

     

    诚然,像绝大多数底层同胞一样,闫东没有在“Web 2.0”平台上发布新闻的条件。他们的世界与数字社会的距离,甚至还远大于其与现代社会的距离。这距离远远不止十五里路,不止一万五千里,甚至不止十五万万里。但他们已经迈出了可贵而可敬的第一步。这第一步的艰难,是对物质生活充满“想当然”的不少都市民众所绝难想象的。

     

    闫东可能是中国2008年度最伟大的草根记者。像他这样的底层草根记者,是中国的脊梁。

     

      

    附一:闫东在灾区时随身携带的遗书

    我叫闫东,如果在这次赴四川灾区采访中发生意外,请通知我的家人,内蒙扎赉特旗乌塔其东部劳改分局闫秀川(父,已退休),由父负责处理善后。我在江苏大丰和瑞村一组(老二组)买了顾姓的旧平房。床板下两张存单,那是爷爷给孙子的上学钱。外加一个存折(工资本),密码:xxxxxx

     

    闫东,08.5.26去四川前。

     

    附二:大丰市原计经委退休职工、大丰市摄影家协会成员殷业鸿给《今日大丰》报综合二部主任沈勇的推荐信

    沈勇主任:

     

    你好!我在金加成处冲洗照片,发现我市有一位业余爱好者个人自费去汶川大地震拍摄了20多个胶卷。他人很艰苦,原是一位股份公司下岗职工,家庭很苦,是2000(年)左右来此工作(的)。想请你帮助一下。该同志现在仍无住房,现住和瑞二组一间民房,目前电话全无。能否(将)他所拍作刊登,并对其报道一下(?)望指示。

     

    电话:835xxxxx

     

    殷业鸿

     

    附三:闫东致四川省教育厅的捐款信

     

    四川省教育厅:

     

    随信寄去1千元。

     

    526-75日在四川灾区走访。我为死难的同胞哭泣,我为英雄的汶川骄傲!

     

    因北川、映秀两县、镇尚未选址重建,故不知其政府详址,烦请四川省教育厅将此款转给两县、镇各5百元。建议此款作为在两地修建大地震纪念碑专用。我知道这钱是不够用的。

     

    (1)、建议在老北川建纪念碑或纪念墙;

     

    (2)、建议在映秀死难同胞埋葬的山上建纪念碑或纪念墙。

     

    一、        刻遇难老师、同学的名字;

    二、        刻遇难同胞名字;

    三、        刻英雄们的名字,牺牲的、健在的外围救援队(员),他(她)们是我们民族的脊梁、国家的光荣、全人类的骄傲。

     

    北川是悲惨的,

    映秀是刻骨铭心的,

    让我们树起一座丰碑!

    让后人,

    让历史,

    记住我们死难的同胞,

    记住为拯救生命而奋力拼搏的英雄!

     

    江苏大丰,闫东

    08.8.13

     

     

    闫东,和他的灾区物事(相机、笔记、照片、胶卷、底片、闪光灯、挎包、衣裤、雨披、北川大酒店指南)在一起:

     

    闫东在泸定桥上:

     

    一贫如洗的家里:

     

    厨房:

     

    家里全部的计时工具:

     

    微波炉和电饭煲:

    December 15

    Coca-Cola under fire for workers' rights infringement

    Coca-Cola, the world’s biggest soft drinks manufacturer, has come under fire after a private investigation accused it of “serious infringement” of the rights of its dispatched workers in China.

     

    “These employees are involved in the most dangerous, intense and tiresome labor, work the longest hours, but receive the lowest wage and face arrears with and even cutbacks on their pay,” said the 28-page report, written by a group of postsecondary students after a month of self-sponsored participatory research and released in Beijing on Sunday evening.

     

    A significant body of dispatched labor and other non-contracted workers exists in the company’s China branch, it said.

     

    China is already the transnational corporate giant's fourth largest market by volume after years of mushroomed business. The company invested a huge stake in the Beijing Olympics and Paralympics, of which it was a TOP sponsor, and expects China to soon become its largest market.

     

    To do that, the report said the company’s China branch has depended on dispatched workers, who are working heavy overtime – more than 100 monthly overtime hours in some of its factories as opposed to the 36 hours stipulated by law – with minimum wage and rights.

     

    Dispatched workers are those employed by staffing agencies, which send them to work in “temporary, supporting or replaceable positions” in companies, according to Clause 66 of the Labor Contract Law.

     

    Li Kungang, an associate professor of law with Anhui University, said since the clause does not specify the concrete conditions of dispatched labor, employers often have the upper hand in court to avoid hefty fines.

     

    But if results of the student investigation were valid, what Coca-Cola has violated is the bottom-line requirement the Labor Contract Law set on dispatched labor, which is equal pay for equal work, he said.

     

    The students relied on information they gathered between July and August while working in Coca-Cola’s bottling firms in Guangzhou, Dongguan and Huizhou cities in the southern Guangdong province, as well as the company’s suppliers in Shanghai and Hangzhou in the eastern Zhejiang province.

     

    Their report preludes with the claim that “the world’s most valuable brand deliberately evades legal and social responsibilities”. It concludes by demanding the multinational corporation to “apologize to the Chinese people and all of Coca-Cola’s dispatched workers” and urging it to offer the workers a formal contract, delayed wages and relevant compensation.

     

    It also calls upon university students and all of Chinese society to stop drinking Coca-Cola beverages until the company takes these actions, make information of all its bottling firms and suppliers publicly available and allow open scrutiny.

     

    The report would be sent to both the All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU) and Coca-Cola China, the students announced on Sunday. But the ACFTU has yet received a copy, according to its spokeswoman Hu Jiakang on Monday night.

     

    The students also drafted an open letter each for basketball superstar Yao Ming and champion hurdler Liu Xiang, both top Coca-Cola pitchmen in China, asking them to pressure the company in order to improve the conditions of its employees in the country.

     

    Zhai Mei, associate external affairs director of Coca-Cola China, told China Daily that the company is “pretty confident” in dealing with this latest public relations crisis. “The students never came into direct contact with us, and their research… may not have been that comprehensive and complete,” she said.

     

    In a statement released last night, Coca-Cola China denied the report’s claims, saying the company and its bottlers not only “strictly comply with the laws and regulations regarding labor practices”, but also “have strict supplier guiding principles” for its vendors and suppliers.

     

    Our bottlers have not been contacted by the student group, and thus were not able to provide the full perspective of the issues raised in the report,” the statement said.

     

    The company said it initiated an investigation as soon as it learned about the report. According to the Coca-Cola investigation, “the allegations raised in the report are unfounded”.

     

    We are continuing our internal investigations and if we find any violation of our labor policies we will immediately correct them,” the statement claimed.

     

    The report’s full-text, complete with pictures, is available at the progressive Zuo’an Culture Net (www.eduww.com). Yang Zhengjun, one of the group’s three representatives and a graduate student with the Central University for Nationalities, said he hopes their effort could help improve the work and living conditions for the company’s dispatched workers.

     

    The group’s research was inspired by a similar investigation by a group of Hong Kong students, who in April revealed the conditions of sweatshops ran by the now-infamous Nine Dragons Paper (Holdings) Ltd, Yang said.

     

    Coca-Cola has 35 bottling firms and 371 firms in China, employing close to 11,000 formal workers as of the end of last year. Its bottling partners have a further 22,000 formal employees.

     

    It was given the Corporate Social Responsibility Award by the American Chamber in Shanghai in 2006 and China’s Best Corporate Citizen Conduct Award by the 21st Century Business Herald the year before. The company arrived in China in 1928.

    December 04

    一名基层群众“志愿者”的灾区两万里

    乍一看去,闫东是一名不能再普通的基层群众。他四十五岁,个子不高,相貌普通,衣着朴素,嗓门很大,东北口音很重。

     

    但他绝不普通。在汶川特大地震发生后,这位身形瘦弱的病退职工凭着一己之力,或步行,或搭车,在一个半月内独自走过了几乎所有受灾地区,行程近万公里,远超过我们这些在彼时彼地终日奔波的灾区一线记者。

     

    在灾区的日子里,闫东记录的笔记有三大本,拍摄照片达八百余张。他的初衷不过是三个字:受教育。

     

    我是中国日报新闻中心的记者,今年五、六月份两次赴地震灾区采访。616日,我第二次进入汶川映秀镇时,于下午四时许在镇后渔子溪村所在的山下第一次 也是迄今为止唯一一次 遇到了闫东。

     

    他一身农家打扮,鞋上全是泥,一脸焦急地打听到汶川的路。我和同事张海洲当时都是全副武装,迷彩在身,口罩手套一应俱全。我递给他一副备用口罩,和小张提醒他说,我们才从映秀“老虎嘴”的堰塞体处撤回来,路被完全堵死了,即便只是进入抢修地段,也会横遇飞石,危险重重。

     

    闫东于是开始讲述他一人硬闯灾区的故事。我们很是感动,也钦佩他的精神。但时间紧迫,我们当天由四川路桥的两名同志带入映秀,不久就要回城。小张先离开找人去了,我带着闫东一起到了渔子溪村受灾群众安置点旁的万人坑边,小声地聊了一会,就接到同事的电话,匆匆话别。

     

    转眼到上个月末,我正在华西村出差。一天早晨,我在华西金塔宾馆的房间里醒来,愕然地接到了闫东的电话。

     

    “你好胡记者,我是闫东。你还记得我吗?”他在电话里喊。

     

    “记得,记得的,”我努力地回想他的样子。

     

    “有一个爱国者的录音笔,是不是你的啊?”他高兴起来了,声音也越来越大。“我一直找不到你的名片,现在找到啦,给你寄过去。”

     

    这支录音笔,陪伴我经历了北京奥运火炬境外传递全程,也经受了地震灾区的诸多历练,最终在六月中不慎丢失,不知所终。原来是被他拾到了。闫东最初以为这是遇难者的遗物,在得到否定答复后就放在了一旁,直到最近找到我的名片、买了他的第一部手机,才和我联系上。

     

    昨天(124日)上午,我收到了闫东由EMS特快专递来的包裹,里面是录音笔和他买的耳机、电池,还有四页写的密密麻麻的信纸(内容见后)。

     

    我深受感动。

     

    闫东不是西方意义上的“志愿者”。他赶赴灾区的动机,与那些从事“志愿服务”的青年学生完全不同。特大自然灾害的苦痛,唤醒了他身上最具中国特色的道义胸怀和革命记忆。这种胸怀,源于古代中国“力恶其不出于身也,不必为己”的壮志;这种记忆,始于近代中国的“一个人能力有大小,但只要有这点精神,就是一个高尚的人,一个纯粹的人,一个有道德的人,一个脱离了低级趣味的人,一个有益于人民的人”的号召。

     

    明天是国际志愿者日。在志愿者组织蓬勃发展的时期,我们也应当记住更多像闫东一样自觉自发的基层“志愿者” 一无所有的,苦行僧般的理想主义者 并给予他们更多的关心、爱护和帮助。

     

    他们是这个国家的真正基石。

     

     

    胡亦南

    中国日报新闻中心记者

    2008.12.4.

     

     

     

     

    附 - 闫东的信

     

    胡亦南兄弟:

     

    你好,

     

    估计你比我小几岁,故称你为兄弟,不知妥否。你带着大口罩,我始终没看全你的真面目,看着眼睛倒是挺大的,挺精神,说起话来好听,还有一颗友善的心。

     

    你送的口罩我一次没用。它已成为中国5·12大地震珍贵的纪念品了,我将永久珍藏。它是北京兄弟对我真挚的关怀,和四川同胞给我的关怀一样,永载我的记忆。

     

    你可知道,你的口罩递过来给了我多大的感动。一个人孤独在灾区,很多人把你当成流浪汉。能够听到一声问候,一声关怀,那是一种怎样的感受,你可能没有体验过。

     

    历时近一个半月的汶川之行,所见所闻是尸体、废墟、悲痛、眼泪,更多的是中国老祖宗传下来的那种坚强、不屈、互助、博爱。去四川我是受教育去了,它或多或少地消掉了一些(我)身上固有的冷漠、旁观、自私、狭隘。

     

    我出生在东北齐齐哈尔附近的松嫩平原上,15年前掉到苏北平原 江苏盐城下属的大丰市工作,活到45岁都是在平原生活,没有去过四川,更没有在险峻、崎岖的山间行走过。去汶川我感觉好象把一生的苦都吃尽了,不知有多少次死里逃生。孤身闯禁区,露宿街头、山野。死亡时刻威胁着我,余震的威胁、蛇、狼、黑熊、野猪、流浪狗等野兽的威胁,当地人的怀疑,特警的盘问带来的麻烦层出不穷。我没有介绍信,只有一张身份证。我不是记者,我是大丰企业的病退职工。

     

    地震发生后(我)就想去灾区,去拍照,去收集一些事迹和资料。回想唐山大地震,留下的资料和图片并不多。如果能起到增加和补充的作用,那也是好的。

     

    (我)感觉这样做有意义,马上就要走,可是又没钱,两架老式相机,非专业的,20年前买的拍着玩儿的,早就坏了。怎么办?每个月只有500元的病退工资,还有供在南京上大学的儿子学费。于是开始变卖家里一些值钱的东西,有很多都当废铜烂铁卖了。

     

    地震十多天后,(我)进入灾区,原打算呆十天左右即返回,可是感动让我不能止步,一直到75日才回到大丰。

     

    进入四川后,在江油下火车,然后从江油向北到桂溪镇,夜闯封闭的死城陈家坝乡。从黄家坝村夜闯封闭死城 北川。经任家坪去擂鼓,到安县安昌镇。从绵竹到汉望、德阳、什邡、洛水镇,在洛水被民警扣留,送回德阳。从广汉到彭州,到都江堰,映秀。由映秀回都江堰,去绵阳,回返江油,去平武,从水晶镇翻越黄龙雪山,大踏步跨越川西北。到川主寺,然后一路南下,松潘、茂县、汶川。后去理县,马尔康,小金县,丹巴,康定,泸定县,翻越二郎山,到天全,芦山,宝兴。又改变方向回返去雅安、成都。由成都坐火车去广元。由广元去剑阁、青川。后回返广元,乘火车回江苏盐城。

     

    汶川之行(我)是写了遗书背在身上的,上面有详细的东北内蒙老家的地址。豁出命来闯了一把汶川,终于过来了。汶川之行,全程近万公里,走遍四川五分之一面积,拍摄850张照片,笔记三本,搭车、打车、徒步于四川大山,千辛万苦,为一生首次。回到家就病倒了,一个月后才恢复过来。

     

    在绵阳商场里,店员说这叫录音笔,是“爱国者”(牌),六百元左右(记者注:原价1000余元),吓了我一跳,他告诉了我操作方法。我买了电池,买了耳机,玩得很开心。里面有大山中、岷江边、大渡河、涪江边、嘉陵江畔、火车上的录音,我不懂怎么删除。

     

    1124日我买了一部160元的手机(131XXXXXXXX),总算结束了和家里人一直写信联系的历史,在此之前(我)一直没有任何电话,这在江苏这个发达省份是不多见的,你可能不太相信。为了供孩子上学、上大学,家里处处节省。

     

    我对你怀有感激之情,没有你的提示,我就拍不到映秀山上埋葬地的照片,谢谢你和你的同事。

     

    祝你工作顺利,事业有成!

     

    礼!

     

    闫东,盐城大丰市

    08.12.1